Some people didn't like the idea of pasteurizing milk in the beginning, for many of the same reasons that today's raw milk advocates cite [source: Lewis ]. We'll talk more later about raw milk and why some people love it and some people hate it.
Louis Pasteur is known as "the father of microbiology. Pasteur's lifetime of discoveries followed a natural arc; each project he worked on led him to his next insight. During his research on tartaric acid in his first job as a scientist, he discovered that organic molecules are asymmetrical. Finding organic molecules in beer and wine led him to recognize that microorganisms such as Lactobacillus functioned as the agents of fermentation and food spoilage.
This understanding of the role of bacteria helped him to develop his germ theory of fermentation. Years later, he became interested in human disease and applied his knowledge of microorganisms to develop the germ theory of disease. Eventually, he developed the vaccines for chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies. Sign up for our Newsletter! Mobile Newsletter banner close. Stay up-to-date with the latest news in food and pharmacy safety, facilities monitoring, and supply chain visibility.
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See resources. Schedule demo. Contact us. About Us SmartSense was created to use the power of the Internet of Things IoT to help our customers protect the assets most critical to the success of their business. See our story. In , Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German physicist who was living in Holland and operating an instrument business, developed a thermometer and the temperature scale that still carries his name.
The Fahrenheit scale came to be accepted as the standard measure of temperature in a number of countries. Today, however, the United States is the only major country in the world that still uses the Fahrenheit scale. The scale that is in use in many other countries is the Celsius scale. Anders Celsius, a Swedish astronomer, developed a thermometer in that based temperatures on the freezing and boiling temperatures of water.
After his death, the scale was reversed by a friend, the biologist Carl von Linne. At around the same time, a similar thermometer was being developed in France. After the French Revolution, the scale developed in France was adopted as part of the metric system in that country under the name centigrade, which means "a hundred units," and from there it spread worldwide. In , an international agreement was made to rename the centigrade scale the Celsius scale in honor of the scientist who was first known to use a degree scale, though it should be remembered that the scale that Celsius actually used himself was the reverse of today's scale.
The success of Pasteur's vaccine brought him immediate fame. This began an international fundraising campaign to build the Pasteur Institute in Paris, which was inaugurated on November 14, Pasteur had been partially paralyzed since , due to a severe brain stroke, but he was able to continue his research.
He celebrated his 70th birthday at the Sorbonne, which was attended by several prominent scientists, including British surgeon Joseph Lister. At that time, his paralysis worsened, and he died on September 28, Pasteur's remains were transferred to a Neo-Byzantine crypt at the Pasteur Institute in We strive for accuracy and fairness.
If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Louis Braille invented a system of raised dots that enables blind people to read and write.
His system is the globally accepted code for those with visual impairments. He revoked the Edict of Nantes and is known for his aggressive foreign policy. French physicist Pierre Curie was one of the founding fathers of modern physics and is best known for being a pioneer in radioactive studies. French engineer and physicist Charles de Coulomb made pioneering discoveries in electricity and magnetism, and came up with the theory called Coulomb's Law.
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