There are a total of three types of biotic symbioses: Mutualism, Parasitism, and Commensalism. Mutualism is the interaction between two or more organisms where both organisms can benefit from the interaction. An example of mutualism is a Clownfish and a Sea Anemone. The clownfish benefits the sea anemone by consuming parasites that may be on it and providing nutrients from its excrements.
Parasitism is the interaction between two species where only one benefits from the other organism and the other is harmed in return. The one that benefits from the other organism is called a parasite, while the organism that is being harmed is called a host. The mutualistic relationship is obligatory; this exhibit that both the species are dependent on each other for their survival. A mutualistic relationship is just to maintain the balance in the lifecycle.
The various types of mutualism based on multiple factors are — Nutrition mutualism, Defense mutualism, Transport mutualism, and Shelter mutualism. The relationship of the flower and bees or pollinators, digestive bacteria and the human body, leguminous plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, coral reef and algae, are the few typical examples of the various mutualism.
Commensalism is the type of relationship, where one of the species gains nutrition and other benefits while the other host species is unaffected or unharmed. This association is also due to locomotion, shelter, food, defence from the host species. The commensal relation is generally observed between a smaller commensal and a larger host. As said the host remains unaffected, but the commensal species show gradual morphological adaptation. When the Golden jackals follow the tigers for prey, various birds, insects and fish use other animals as a means of transportation.
Remora and pilot fish hook up with the sharks or other big fishes for the underwater ride, birds building nest on trees are the examples of commensalism.
The kind of symbiotic relationship, where one of the organism is benefitted at the expense of the other, is known as parasitism. The parasite lives on the host body to gain nutrition, shelter, and in return, it may harm the host in some or the other way. Among all the known species, parasites are higher in percentage in all the biological kingdoms viruses, protozoa, bacteria, animals and plants.
The study of parasitism and parasites is known as parasitology. Roundworms, moswuitoes, viruses, ticks, fleas, mistletoe and various protozoans are the examples of parasites. Parasites can be further classifies as — Endoparasites, Ectoparasites, Mesoparasites, Faculatative parasites, Obligate parasites. Endoparasites live inside the body of the host, like worms and protozoa. Ectoparasites are living on the surface of the host, like ticks and fleas. Mesoparasites enter through the opening of the host body and some parts of it partially embedded like copepods.
Facultative parasites are independent of their host to complete their life-cycle. Obligate parasites are host-dependent to complete their life-cycle. As per the parasites strategy and their effect on the host, they can be classified as — Trophicallytransmitted parasites, Directly transmitted parasites, and Vector transmitted parasites, Parasitoids, micropredator, and parasitic castrators.
In this way, what do parasitism predation and Commensalism have in common How are they different? Parasitism is the symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while other is harmed. Predation is the interaction of two same or different species where one kill or eat other, here also only one benefits. Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship of two species where one benefits while other is unaffected. Animal Partnerships Mutualism: both partners benefit.
An example of mutualism is the relationship between the Egyptian plover and the crocodile. Commensalism: only one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. Parasitism: One organism the parasite gains, while the other the host suffers. Parasitism is a relationship of two organisms wherein one organism benefit from the other with harm done. Commensalism is a relationship of two organisms wherein one organism benefit from the other with neither harm nor benefit to the other.
What are 3 examples of Commensalism? Examples of Commensalism Remora fish have a disk on their heads that makes them able to attach to larger animals, such as sharks, mantas, and whales. Nurse plants are larger plants that offer protection to seedlings from the weather and herbivores, giving them an opportunity to grow.
Tree frogs use plants as protection. What are examples of Commensalism? Examples of Commensalism: The remora rides attached to sharks and other types of fish. The remora benefits by gaining a measure of protection, and it feeds off of the remains of the meals of the larger fish. The cattle egret is a type of heron that will follow livestock herds.
Why is it better for a parasite to leave its host alive? Successful parasites do not kill their hosts. Explanation: A host is an organism that is capable of surviving on its own and therefore represents a food or energy source for the parasite.
Generally if the host dies, the parasite will also die making it not in the interest of the parasite to kill its host. What is mutualism example?
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